Letters of credit have been described as the lifeblood of Essay

Letters of confidence have been described as the lifeblood of international commerce. (Kerr LJ in RD Harbottle (Mercantil) Ltd v N - Essay ExampleThe slightest delay can lead to huge loss ascribable to exchange fluctuations during the period delay. There are instances of huge losses in the international trade by modality of exchange fluctuations alone. This paper testament examine the indispensability of the instrument so as to be called the life-blood of international commerce In RD Harbottle (Mercantil) Ltd v National Westminster Bank Ltd,2 the court has emphatically stated that in that location should non be the least interference of the courts in the earn of credit transactions as it is inherent for the smooth flow of international commerce. Except in cases of frauds of which imprecates have notice, the irrevocable obligations under a earn of credit cannot be undone by the cut offies for reasons of any dispute between them. Court are not concerned with their difficulti es however great they may be as they can always settle their disputes in a different forum without disturbing the operation of letter of credit which is a banking system at a different level. This is the essence of the courts ruling in the above case. ... The issuing bank has just to make sure the accounts submitted by the beneficiary are in strict compliance of the credit terms and nothing more. In view of this, neither the applicant (buyer) nor the beneficiary (seller) can frustrate the letter of credit payment under some pretext or other. It is because the credit is a stand -alone document like a legal tender 3 and its validity cannot be questioned lest the international commerce will lose confidence in the system with the resultant collapse of the international trade. This, Donaldson LJ characterizes as thrombosis will devolve if , unless fraud is involved, courts intervene and thereby disturb the mercantile practice of treating rights thereunder of letter of credit as beingn ess equivalent to cash in hand4 (foot note 5 begins) Further, letter of credit is part of commercial law to facilitate commerce. The rules must therefore be consistently followed by the courts without giving way to the idiosyncrasies of individuals though courts view of the will change overtime. Only then, outcome of a dispute can be predicted with a law that is clear and consistent so that litigation is avoided. If it is unavoidable, it should be quickly resolved peculiarly in a price/exchange fluctuation market. The courts approach in RD Harbottle is to check out certainty for documentary credit which is an assurance from bank for payment against presentation of documents. Though the term UCP necessarily to be incorporated in a documentary credit contract, courts have the liberty to view it as impliedly incorporated even in the absence of the express provision of the UCP.5 Therefore principles such as school of thought of strict compliance, partys autonomy and fraud